5G is not the optimal solution for the Internet of Things, 6G is the king

When people talk about 5G, they can't help but exaggerate its high-bandwidth, low-latency transmission advantages. At the same time, they believe that 5G is the key to detonating IoT applications. Therefore, we see that where 5G is, there will be "the era of the IoT "Speech.

On the other hand, after years of catching up, China finally managed to surpass the field of terrestrial wireless communications. When it was just put into commercial use, it was too late, and it immediately started the 6G research pace. Technology to fill the void left by 5G.

The 5G era will not detonate the Internet of Things

5G is essentially just the fifth generation of cellular mobile communication technology that humans have explored through years of exploration. Compared with 4G, its advantages are:

① High bandwidth: 5G supports the transmission rate of 10Gbps, which is 100 times that of 4Mbps network 100Mbps;

② Low delay: The theoretical delay of 5G transmission can be 1ms, and the use delay is also lower than 10ms; far lower than the 100ms level of 4G networks.

From the above two points, 5G solves the problem of the amount of data transmitted per unit of time and the problem of poor transmission fluency. Compared with the previous 4 generations of technology, it can well meet the big data transmission such as VR, security monitoring, and unmanned driving. , Real-time network analysis needs, but 5G is not developed for a wider range of IoT sensing applications such as temperature and humidity, air quality; In addition, 5G high-bandwidth, low-latency features are not necessary for the wider Internet of Things, in many In IoT scenarios, it is more suitable to use conventional wireless communication technologies.

Recently, Huawei's chairman Xu Zhijun also criticized the radical view of "5G detonating the Internet of Things." He believes that the essence of 5G is infrastructure, and the key to the development of the Internet of Things is "things", not "networks."

5G is just a transition, but it's actually not mature

Throughout the history of cellular mobile communications, we find that every odd-numbered technology is just a transition and will soon be replaced by a more mature even-numbered technology.

In the 1G era, the problem of long-distance wireless communication for human beings was solved, but only voice calls could be made, and the communication tool was just a microphone; so a digital 2G network emerged. While the call could be realized, the mutual sending of short messages was also achieved. It is important that the maturity of the industrial chain rapidly advance the civilianization of wireless communication technology.

3G allows mobile phones to enter the multimedia age. If you just listen to songs, you have to rely on luck to watch videos: the signal is determined by the quality of the signal. However, the emergence of 4G, its upgraded alternative, has fully unfolded the multimedia era. A variety of mobile Internet applications, such as mobile payments, various APPs, various Douyin entertainment, smart community / parking, and other applications.

However, 4G still has major shortcomings in transmission rate, synchronous capacity, and transmission immediacy. For example, once every two years at the Shenzhen Security Fair, tens of thousands of people have registered to purchase and exchange tickets. The 4G network cannot carry such a large connection Network paralysis

With the arrival of next-generation innovative technologies and applications such as VR, driverless, drone, and artificial intelligence, people find that 4G is difficult to meet the demand for immediateness and high bandwidth usage, which has led to the acceleration of 5G investment in applications. China is in a period of industrial upgrading and gear shifting, which is very significant, which is why in recent years, China has frequently acted in various fields such as 5G, AI, Internet of Things, autonomous driving, drones, satellite communications, etc.-Multi-technology collaboration is needed to upgrade the industry and promote Development of China's intelligent manufacturing industry.

However, 5G is only a transition technology, because it still has room for improvement in terms of transmission immediacy, network coverage dead ends, and transmission bandwidth. After 5G practice and demonstration, it is inevitable that 6G will be included in the next-generation communication technology.

6G is an upgrade alternative to 5G

ust like 3G to 2.5G technology GPRS, 4G to 3G, 6G to 5G, the effect will be obvious.

In terms of latency, 6G can achieve the level of μs (microseconds). Compared with 5G's ms (milliseconds), the immediacy has been improved. For example, in autonomous driving, it is assumed that the calculation time is 0, and only a 10ms delay is generated on 5G transmission. When the vehicle speed is 100km / h, 10ms can move the car forward 28cm; under the same conditions, if 6G technology is used , Then the delay may be 100 μs. At this time, the car only advances by 0.28 cm, and the immediate effect will appear. In fact, using 5G as the communication technology, the delay is far more than 10ms, and the calculation and backhaul can take up to seconds, which is quite dangerous for unmanned driving.

In high bandwidth, the transmission rate of 6G is 100 times that of 5G, which is equivalent to 10,000 times the current 4G network speed. At this rate, it can meet the real-time transmission and analysis of higher resolution videos such as 4K, 8K and even 16K. It will help artificial intelligence to realize real-time transmission and calculation. By then, the "end-edge-cloud" architecture will have the possibility of "end-cloud" direct connection, which is also the ideal application state of AI.

Only lower-latency, larger-bandwidth wireless communication technologies can meet the current development needs of AI, the Internet of Things, autonomous driving, drones, and industrial intelligence.

At the same time, 6G can accommodate more network access equipment. At present, the capacity of 5G is about 1 million per square kilometer, and 6G is 1,000 times that of 5G, which is equivalent to 1 billion per square kilometer. Only with such a large capacity can the real Internet of Things access requirements be met.

It can be said that at this time, 6G is not only as simple as satisfying civil communications, but also to follow the pace of the development of the times and is one of the organic components of Industry 4.0.

Heaven and earth integrated dead network

Whether it is 4G, 5G or 6G, it is only ground wireless communication technology, which can only cover people's places. It is blank for deserts, snowfields, north and south poles, and deep seas. It depends on satellites in the sky to supplement the network. Basic Internet Engineering.

Some international science and technology powerhouses and technology giants have already laid out various types of space-based Internet technology research and development and practical work. China also began to deploy in 2018. At present, the first star of the "Hongyun Project" has been launched. According to the project plan, China will launch 156 satellites to form a constellation to provide network access services to areas that cannot be covered by ground wireless communication networks. The project of Hongyun is planned to be completed during the 14th Five-Year Plan.

At present, cellular networks such as 5G and space-based Internet engineering are two separate systems, and it is difficult for them to switch between each other. However, the initial deployment of 6G can be coordinated with the space-based Internet project under a unified architecture to realize the integration of the two systems, which can meet the global networking needs of the Internet of Things system, and is no longer subject to the dead end of the cellular network.

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